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Schiedea helleri

Sherff (1943)

This name is accepted

Kingdom: Viridiplantae Phylum: Magnoliophyta Class/Clade: Eudicot-CoreEudicot Order: Caryophyllales Family: Caryophyllaceae Genus: Schiedea

Description

Key Characters:

Growth Form: Evergreen vines, at least to 20 dm long, arching over other vegetation or occasionally sprawling on ground, woody at base, glabrous, puberulent in the inflorescence.

Stems: Stems often swollen at the nodes, few–branched, terete (cylindrical).

Roots: Fibrous root system.

Leaves: Leaves simple. Opposite. Blades broadly deltate–ovate or deltate–cordate to lanceolate, 8–14 cm long, (3.3–) 4.5–6 cm wide. Apex acute to acuminate with a short mucro. Base leaf bases often connate around the stem, base cordate to truncate or sometimes broadly cuneate. Surfaces sparsely puberulent along the upper surfaces midvein, the hairs 0.2–0.4 mm long, translucent to occasionally purple along the midvein, spreading to erect;, somewhat thickened and coriaceous, usually somewhat undulate; upper surfaces dark green and glossy with a slight purple tinge; lower surfaces dull green conspicuously infused with purple. Margins entire, with scattered antrorsely curved hairs 0.1–0.2 mm long, each of these often associated with a weak epidermal protuberance. 3 conspicuous principal veins, sometimes with an additional outer, somewhat irregular pair. Petioles 1.3–2 cm long, strongly channeled, puberulent. Stipules absent.

Flowers: Flowers in inflorescence terminal, with 30–164 flowers, branches 20–40 cm long, diffuse, lax, the lateral branches as long as or longer than central axis, puberulent, the hairs spreading to erect, straight to slightly crinkly, (0.15–) 0.3–0.6 mm long, on upper bracts hairs often restricted to the margins; bracts of central axis 40–80 mm long, leaf-like, deltate, those of branches and flowers 3–8 mm long, lanceolate; pedicels 7–25 mm long, terete (cylindrical). Flowers bisexual (perfect). Sepals 1.7–3.1 mm long, ovate, green, usually purple toward the base, thin and somewhat translucent, strongly reflexed in the proximal ¼, producing a transverse bulge, distal part strongly and deeply navicular and weakly inrolled in distal ½–2/3, oriented at 5° to 60° angle to the pedicel, sometimes the distal ½ curved outward at a 90° angle, very sparsely puberulent, occasionally some of the hairs glandular, margins scarious and sparsely ciliate in proximal ½, apex attenuate. Corolla (petals) absent. Stamens 10; filaments dimorphic, the antisepalous whorl 4.5–5 mm long, the alternate whorl 4–4.5 mm long; anthers 0.9–1 mm long, subequal, pale yellow. Ovary superior, 1-celled; ovule placentation free-central; styles 3.

Fruit: Capsules 3–3.4 mm long; subglobose to broadly ovoid. Seeds 1.2–1.3 mm long; orbicular; compressed; transversely rugose; perisperm starchy; hard or rarely soft; true endosperm absent.

Ploidy:

Habitat: In wet montane forest.

Elevation Range: 960–1180 m.

Historical Distribution

Uses and Culture

USES

Natural History

Statewide Status

Endemic

Island Status

Kaua'i Endemic

Dispersal Agents


Pollinators

Notes

  • Description digitized by Mercedez
  • Description digitized from the Manual of the Flowering Plants of Hawaii
  • Known only from the type (Ileller s.n., F) collected at Kaholuamanu, Kaua'i, in 1895
  • Schtedea helleri is possibly extinct. It is very closely related to S. membranaceabut differs in having thicker, 3-nerved leaves that are broadest at the base.

Bibliography

Name Published In: Amer. J. Bot. 30: 607 (1943)

Other References

Wagner et al. 1990:514 (K); Lorence et al. 1995:30 (REDISCOVER/K); Wagner, Weller & Sakai 2005:39 (KEY, DESCR)

Occurrences

SNo. Scientific Name Locality Habitat Basis of Record Description Recorded By Record Number Island Source Date
1 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Waialae valley, in Acacia koa-Metrosideros montane mesic forest with Dodonaea, Scaevola, Coprosma, Labordia, Cibotium, Tetraplasandra, Hedyotis knudsenii, Bobea, Dianella, Cyanea leptostegia, Perrottetia, Dubautia laevigata, Psychotria, Syzgium sandsicensis, Pouteria, Myrica, Lantana, Psidium Preserved_Specimen 3 plants, vining, wiht flowers and mostly immature fruit Perlman, S. 14767 Kauai BISH 1995-04-20
2 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros montane wet forest with Melicope, Cheirodendron, Psychotria, Cyrtandra, Cyanea leptostegia, Tetraplasandra, Coprosma, Diplazium sanwichianum, Dubautia laeviagata, Dodonaea, Scaevola, Dianella, Rubus argutus Preserved_Specimen 5 plants with flowers Perlman, S. 14777 Kauai BISH 1995-04-28
3 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Waimea canyon, Nawaimaka strem, south of Waialae valley Acacia koa- Metrosideros mesic forest Dodonaea viscosa, Leptecophylkla tameiameiae, Dianella sandwicensis, Pleomele aurea, Carex alligata, Kadua knudsenii, Cibotium, Dubautia laevigata, Elaeocarpus Preserved_Specimen 1 plant 15 feet above stream, with flower bud. NTBG # 120248 Perlman, S. 22866 Kauai BISH 2012-05-10
4 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros dominated forest w/ Cheirodendron, Melicope, Myrsine, Elaeocarpus, Dianella, Dryopteris, Athyrium, and Asplenium. Preserved_Specimen Semi-woody herb with sprawling stems 5-6 ft long; stem tinged brownish-purple; lvs glossy dark green above, more or less mat green below; inflor. branches glossy purplish-green; sepals pale green w/ purple tinge; petals reflexed when anthers ripe. Flynn, T.W. 5693 Kauai BISH 1995-01-30
5 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details *250 sq m plot. 12 m canopy height, 60% crown cover 40% Metrosideros - 20% Cheirodendron, understory trees 70% cover with Hedyotis terminalis, Elaeocarpus bifidus, dubautia laevigata, Melicope anisata, 7% shrubs of che Preserved_Specimen shrubs, diffuse, vine-like, 3-5 m long, lowers stems 12-30 mm, branching at base or single stem gray-brown with flaky bark, few branched, leaves dull dark green, occasionally tinged purple, petioles, costa, some veins, and inflorescence tinged purple @ anthesis, 17 DNA samples from population of ca. 30 plants Wood, K.R. 12941 Kauai BISH 2008-04-24
6 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros mixed montane wet forest, 7 m canopy, 90% closed native cover w/ Polyscias waialealae, Syzygium sandwicensis, Cheirodendron spp, Dodonaea viscosa, Santalum pyrularium, Psychotria mariniana, Perrottetia sandwicensis, Melicope clusiifolia, M. anisata, shrubs and f Preserved_Specimen Shrub, scandent 2.5 m long, in flower and fruit, ca. 9 plants in area (newly discovered colony) Wood, K.R. 16511 Kauai BISH 2015-07-01
7 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Metrosideros-Cheirodendron-Dicronopteris montane wet forest. Associated plants: Viola wailenalenae, Poa sandvicensis, Eragrostis grandis, Deschampsia nubigena, Carex wahuensis, Platydesma spathulata, Zanthoxylum kauaense, Stenogyne purpurea, Stenogyne indet, Labordia degeneri, Cyrtandra longifolia, Cyanea hirtella, Luzula, Broussonetia, Dodonaea, Coprosma, Pipturus, Preserved_Specimen Leaves avo-green on surface, paler below; nerves lime-green to purple near base; petioles purple tinged; Vines with stems 1.5 cm at base, prostrate, scandant in Dironopteris, up to 5 m long with many branches. 30 plus or minus plants seen on steep banks of narrow 30 degree N stream. In flower and early fruit Wood, K.R. 2543 Kauai BISH 1993-05-10
8 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details In Metrosideros- Dicranopteris linearis wet forest with Elaeocarpus bifidus, Melicope clusiifolia, Vaccinium calycinum, Ilex anomala, Alyxia, Cheirodendron, Freycinetia, Poa sandwicensis, Wikstroemia, Dodonaea viscosa, Stenogyne purpurea, Cyrtandra. Preserved_Specimen About 15 plants, 1 - 2 m ht, vining, sprawling, flowering, lvs broadly deltate-ovate, 8 cm x 3 cm, lvs opposite, 3 nerved. Perlman, S. 19494 Kauai BISH 2005-03-31
9 Schiedea helleri Locality redacted. Contact Bishop Museum Botany Department for details Preserved_Specimen Wagner, W.L. 6809 Kauai BISH 1998-02-10
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